Effectiveness of intraperitoneal or intrapleural administration of triamcinolone acetonide for the control of malignant ascites and pleural effusion (Kansai Clinical Oncology Group-G1102 study).

OBJECTIVES We conducted a retrospective multi-institutional study to evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of intraperitoneal or intrapleural triamcinolone acetonide (TA), a slowly metabolized corticosteroid administration for the management of malignant ascites or pleural effusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS The medical records of patients with gynecologic cancer who were treated with paracentesis or thoracocentesis followed by administration of 400 mg of TA between 2005 and 2014 were reviewed. RESULTS The median age of the 74 eligible patients was 59 years. An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status 3-4 was present in 53 patients (73%), and 52 patients (70%) had ovarian cancer. Paracentesis followed by TA administration was performed in 65 patients (88%), and 37 patients (50%) were treated in a palliative setting. Chemotherapy or surgery after TA administration was performed in 37 patients (50%) in an aggressive setting, of which 14 patients (19%) were treated at the primary phase and 23 patients (31%) were treated at recurrent phase. The time interval of serial drainage was prolonged in 15 of 19 assessable patients, resulting in a response rate of 79% (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 54-94%). Median overall survival after TA therapy in a palliative setting was 36 days (95% CI: 19-58 days). After TA therapy in a palliative setting, one patient complained of mild abdominal pain, two patients with advanced peritonitis carcinomatosis experienced bowel perforation, and three patients died within 7 days owing to disease progression. CONCLUSIONS Intraperitoneal and intrapleural TA administration were feasible and effective in symptomatic control of ascites and pleural effusion.